Monsoon can worsen melasma even without visible sun: Dermatologist explains why
New Delhi: Many people believe melasma worsens only during bright, sunny days. However, dermatologists say the rainy season can also trigger flare-ups, even when the sun remains hidden behind clouds. Melasma, a common skin condition that causes flat, dark patches on the face, is a form of hyperpigmentation often linked to sun exposure, hormonal changes and genetics.
Expert say factors such as ultraviolet or UV rays penetrating cloud cover, high humidity, heat and skin inflammation can make pigmentation appear darker during the monsoon. In a communication with News9 Digital, Dr P Narendra, Consultant Dermatologist at SPARSH Hospital, RR Nagar, Bengaluru, explained why melasma often worsens during the rainy season, who is more vulnerable and the daily skincare habits that can help keep pigmentation under control.
Here’s full excerpt
Q: Why can melasma worsen during the monsoon even without visible sunshine?
Dr Narendra: One of the biggest misconceptions about melasma is that it worsens only on sunny days. In reality, UV rays can penetrate cloud cover, with up to 80 per cent of UV radiation still reaching the skin on cloudy days. Visible light and infrared rays may also stimulate pigment-producing cells. During the monsoon, increased humidity and heat can further activate melanocytes and aggravate skin problems. Many people mistakenly skip sunscreen because they assume cloudy weather provides adequate protection.
Q: Which monsoon factors contribute to increased pigmentation?
Dr Narendra: Several environmental factors play a role. High humidity and heat increase sweating, which can weaken the skin barrier and raise the risk of irritation and inflammation. Although the sun is less visible, ultraviolet A (UVA) rays and visible light continue to penetrate the skin and stimulate melanin production. Frequent rubbing of the skin, excessive cleansing and the use of unsuitable cosmetic products can also trigger inflammation, making melasma worse.
Q: Who is more likely to experience a melasma flare-up during the rainy season?
Dr Narendra: Women, particularly those who are pregnant or using hormonal contraceptives, are more likely to develop melasma because hormonal changes influence melanin production. People with darker skin tones are also at greater risk due to more active melanocytes. A family history of melasma increases the likelihood of developing the condition, while individuals with sensitive skin may notice pigmentation worsening in humid weather.
Q: What common monsoon skincare mistakes can make melasma worse?
Dr Narendra: One of the most common mistakes is skipping sunscreen on cloudy days, even though studies show UVA rays can pass through clouds and contribute to pigmentation. Excessive exfoliation and harsh scrubbing to remove tanning or dullness can increase inflammation and worsen melasma. Many people also rely solely on cosmetic products for sun protection or use unproven home remedies and steroid-containing creams without medical advice, which can damage the skin barrier further.
Q: How can people prevent melasma from worsening during the monsoon?
Dr Narendra: Sun protection should remain a daily habit throughout the year. Apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF 30 every day and reapply it when spending time outdoors. Wearing a wide-brimmed hat or using an umbrella can provide additional protection. A gentle skincare routine that includes cleansing, regular moisturising and doctor-prescribed depigmenting treatments can help maintain the skin barrier. Avoid harsh scrubs, unnecessary skin irritation and self-medication. If pigmentation continues to worsen despite these measures, consult a dermatologist for appropriate treatment.