Tea Board drives India’s tea industry towards higher value, global reach
India’s tea industry, built on a legacy of nearly 200 years, continues to play a significant role in the country’s economy, employment and international trade. With the Tea Board of India leading efforts to strengthen the sector, the industry is focusing on higher productivity, quality improvement, exports, small tea growers and value-added products.
Established under the Tea Act, 1953, the Tea Board is the apex body responsible for the overall development and promotion of the tea industry. Headed by a Chairman, the Board has 31 members representing different segments of the tea industry and Parliament. Its mandate includes increasing tea production, productivity and quality, promoting cooperation among growers, registering and licensing manufacturers, and improving the marketing of Indian tea in domestic and international markets. India produces around 1,396 million kg of tea annually, accounting for about 21% of global production. The country has around 1,567 organised tea estates and exports more than 285 million kg of tea every year. The industry provides livelihoods to more than 10 million people, with women constituting around 58% of its workforce.
Tea cultivation is concentrated mainly in Assam, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu and Kerala, which are known for their distinctive varieties and growing conditions. At the same time, small tea growers have emerged as an important segment, contributing more than 50% of the country’s total tea production. Their growing role has increased the need for better market access, technological support and collective organisation.
India’s tea heritage is also reflected in its Geographical Indications (GIs). Darjeeling Tea became the first Indian tea to receive GI registration in 2004, followed by Kangra in 2005 and Assam and Nilgiri teas in 2009. These regional identities help promote the uniqueness and reputation of Indian teas in global markets.
The Tea Development and Promotion Scheme is aimed at strengthening the industry further. It supports replanting of old and senile tea bushes, increasing production and productivity, particularly of Orthodox and Green Tea, and empowering small growers through Self-Help Groups and Farmer Producer Organisations. The scheme also focuses on boosting exports through value addition, improved quality and branding. Digital technologies are being promoted to improve extension services, information dissemination and service delivery. Research and development, quality assurance, pest management and compliance with residue standards are additional priorities.
With greater emphasis on innovation, sustainability, worker welfare and value-added products, the Tea Board is seeking to strengthen India’s position as a major global tea producer and exporter while preserving the country’s rich tea-growing heritage.